What is the most effective method of minimizing the hazards of decompression sickness (DCS), hypoxia, and fatigue?

The most effective method of minimizing the hazards of decompression sickness (DCS), hypoxia, and fatigue is through pressurization. Pressurization in an aircraft cabin ensures that the environment remains at a safe atmospheric pressure, which is essential for preventing DCS, a condition that occurs when a diver ascends too quickly and nitrogen bubbles form in the body due to rapid pressure loss. In a pressurized cabin, the risk of hypoxia—where insufficient oxygen reaches the tissues—is also greatly reduced due to maintained oxygen levels, allowing pilots and passengers to function effectively at high altitudes.

Maintaining cabin pressure also combats fatigue by ensuring that the physiological demands placed on the body are minimized during flight. This means that the body doesn’t have to work as hard to receive the necessary oxygen and can maintain energy levels more efficiently.

While other options may contribute to safety and comfort, such as altitude adjustment or increased oxygen supply, they do not provide the comprehensive benefits of pressurization. Rapid descent may be a method to address an emergency situation but can pose serious risks on its own. Consequently, pressurization stands out as the most effective and proactive approach to mitigate the risks associated with high-altitude flight.